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Pre-history and Roman Times: Prehistoric finds, some dating back to the New Stone Age, attest to the settlement of the Salzburg region from the earliest times. During the Hallstatt period (approx. 1000-450 BC) the salt found at Dürrnberg near Hallein was mined and an important trade developed, leading to a dense settlement of the area. Salzburg (Juvavum) received its municipal charter under Emperor claudius (41-54 AC).
Around 470: St. Severin came to Salzburg; a monastic community founded.
Around 700: St. Rupert came to Salzburg, had St. Peter's Church built, renovated St. Peter's monastery and founded a convent on Nonnberg. St. Rupbert is considered the founder of modern Salzburg.
8th Century: During the reign of Charlemagne Salzburg was for a while the seat of the dukes of Bavaria, then became a bishopric and later an archbishopric with a rich endowment of land. The most important bishops were St. Virgil and St. Arno. The first cathedral, built by St. virgil, numbered among the largest in the Frankish kingdom.
1077: Work began on Hohensalzburg Fortress on the site of a Roman military camp.
1167: Frederick Barbarossa outlawed Salzburg which was burnt to the ground. This was followed by a rebuilding programme, including a magnificent new cathedral and intense artistic activity.
13th - 17th Centuries: Construction of city walls, consolidation and development of the province under the prince-archbishops. Artistic activity encouraged by a bourgoisie grown right through long-distance trade.
16th Century: Peasant's War and Reformation. The composer, Paul Hofhaimer, and the physician and chemist, Paracelsus, working in Salzburg.
17th Century: The archbishops Wolf Dietrich of Raitenau (1587-1612), Markus Sittikus von Hohenems and Paris Lodron, gave Salzburg its present-day look, continuing and completing Wolf Dietrich's original building plan.
18th Century: Archbishop Johann Ernst Thun (1687-1709) made Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach completely responsible for teh planning of all the buildings under construction. Fischer von Erlach was replaced by Johann Lukas von Hildebrandt.
January 27th 1756 - Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was born at 9, Getreidegasse.
1816: The chaos caused by the Napoleonic Wars put and end to Salzburg as an independent ecclesiastical principality and in 1816 Salzburg finally became part of Austria.
1818: Parts of the city were destroyed by a massive fire. On December 25, the carol 'Silent Night' was heard for the first time in St. Nikolaus' Church, Oberndorf. Painters of the Romantic School discovered the beauty of the city and its surroundings.
1917: 'Salzburger Festspielhausgemeinde' (Salzburg Festival Hall Association) founded on August 1st.
1920: The first Salzburg Festival opened with the premiere of 'Jedermann' in front of the Cathedral on August 22nd. In the ensuing years the Festival acquired world-wide fame thanks above all to the productions (staged my Max Reinhart among others) and great conductors. The Festival was decisively influenced - among others - by the persoanlity of Herbert von Karajan.
1944/45: Enemy planes bomb Salzburg
1956 - 60: Building of the Large Festival Halls
1962: Paris Lodron University Salzburg re-opens as an institution of teaching and research.
1967: Easter Festival founded by Herbert von Karajan. Law on the 'Preservation of the old city of Salzburg' goes into effect.
1997: The Old City of Salzburg is placed on UNESCO's list of the world's cultural heritage sites.
2002: After over 110 years, passenger ship service on the "Amadeus" cruiser is resumed on the Salzach in the spring.
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